Waste can be defined as any activity that does not add value to the product or service. In many cases waste not only adds no value, but adds costs instead. Waste generally has three defining characteristics to it:
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The Affinity Diagram is a powerful tool to use during projects with team members. It is an analytical tool that teams can use to organize ideas into subgroups with a common theme or relationship. The affinity diagram can help you see correlation in large amounts of data/information.
Value added work is the actual work that a customer is willing to pay for. It can be described as any activity that transforms a product or service from one condition to another, is done right the first time through and somebody is willing to pay for it.
The cause and effect diagram, fishbone diagram or Ishikawa diagram is a tool used to discover possible causes of an effect.
What is 100% Inspection?
100% inspection is just that, the act of checking or inspecting every single physical product or piece of information. The fault tree analysis is a top-down method used to analyze failures. It uses Boolean logic to combine a sequence of lower-level occurrences. In many cases a fault tree is used to analyze the reliability, maintainability and safety of a system.
Heijunka is a japanese term that can be translated as product smoothing or load leveling. The heijunka technique is used to assist and in many ways facilitate Just in time production. Heijunka is often used to smooth out production both internally and externally.
Functional layouts are by far the most common layout you will find in organizations. These layouts can be seen in how machines and people are positioned. A functional layout is a workplace configuration in which operations/processes are organized by the type of work (function) they do.
Reflection can be a great way to gather critical opportunities from a project. The term Hansei refers to the reflection and recognition of one's own actions. Hansei is often used to recognize one's own mistakes and commit to taking the appropriate actions in order to resolve and avoid recurrence of one's mistakes. The Hansei can be performed in a team environment or in a personal reflective manner, either way it is important that teams and individuals stretch their mind enough to find something they can improve upon.
Transportation can be defined in one way as the movement of goods or stuff from one place to another. It may also be defined as the various means by which such movement is accomplished. Transportation is one of the 8 forms of waste and can only be considered as value adding when it is strategically established to meet the needs of customer demand.
Though the spelling of the word “team” does not include an I, the definition does acknowledge that each individual must do their part. The word team is defined simply as: a group of individuals who come together for a common purpose or to reach a specific objective.
To mechanize is to equip with machinery. Mechanization is a last resort and should only be performed when every possible effort has been made to improve your process times. You may be wondering, why?
The video above is from 2015. For More Course Materials, Ad Free Content, Handouts, Quizzes, Certification and Activities Click Here. Kanban is one tool within the just in time production system. Kanban is used to connect information flow to the necessary action or production of a customer need.
Perception in one regard is defined as the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses. Quality on the other hand is defined as; how well a product or service meets the needs of a customer according to some said standard. Perceived quality is one of eight dimensions of quality defined by David Garvin in and article from 1987 entitled "Competing on the Eight Dimensions of Quality". It refers to an assessment of a product’s or services quality based on criteria defined or established by the observer, generally an outside party.
Product costs are the costs allocated or the costs accumulated to create a product. In general, Product costs will include direct labor, direct materials, consumable production supplies (MRO), and factory overhead. A product cost is typically calculated on a single unit or on a batch of units and divided by the number of units manufactured. This is why ordering in "bulk" or "batch" is often times more cost effective, because the cost of the batch is spread over the entire group rather than accumulated to one piece. Keep in mind that product costs are initially recorded as inventory on a companies records. Once the product is sold, it then becomes an expense (cost of goods sold).
Muri is the overburdening of operators or equipment. Muri often asks or sometimes requires either people or machines to work much harder and much longer than a regular or "appropriate" schedule would.
Along with Mura and Muri, Muda is one of the three origins of waste. The phrase muda means uselessness or wastefulness. There are two types of Muda that are non-value added activities.
The video above is from Lean Strategies International LLC's Quick Changeover with REDUCE Course. A function check or functional test will help you measure the ability of your equipment to perform and work as it should.
Along with muda and muri, mura is one of three origins of waste. Mura is the unevenness or variability in a workplace. The term mura originated within the Toyota Production System. Mura often causes disruptions in flow, throughput and places unnecessary strain on employees.
The video above is from our FISH Methodology Course. The 5 why technique is a simple and effective method of performing a root cause analysis. The approach is most often used with the cause and effect or fishbone diagram.
Critical Characteristics are the attributes or, "characteristics" of a product or piece of information that must function properly so that no failure of the product or needed information occurs.
A checklist is a tool that can be used to ensure that you have everything required to set up and run your next operation. It may also be used to ensure that important steps or actions have been taken that are important for an operation. A checklist is different than a checksheet. A checklist is used to show completion of a particular activity.
ISO 9000 is a group of international standards that has been developed and focuses on quality in the areas of management (quality management) and assurance (quality assurance). The standards were developed to help companies effectively document a quality system and its elements. The system also assists in the implementation and maintenance of an effective quality system.
The video above is from Lean Strategies International LLC's Quick Changeover with REDUCE Course. Internal setup refers to the activities associated with elements of a setup procedure that can only be performed while a process or machine is not running.
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April 2024
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