A Defect is any output from a service or a product that does not meet the customer required specifications, standards or requirements.  A defect is not the same as defective.  There may be more than one defect in a defective product or process.  A Defect is also one of the 8 forms of waste or muda. 

What defects have you experienced and how did you correct them?  Share in the comment section below.

  Digitization is the adoption of digital, real-time and networked products and services and related information. In real terms, digitization is about choice, efficiency, and responding to customer needs. All of this digitization requires the skills of operations managers to implement and oversee. 

Reference - Kettering University, 01/12/2017, Operations Management and Technology.

  Demand is an economic principle that describes a consumer's desire and willingness to pay a price for a specific good or service. Holding all other factors constant, an increase in the price of a good or service will decrease demand, and vice versa.

Reference : Investopedia - Demand

  The term decoupling is defined by dictionary.com as:  to cause to become separated, disconnected, or divergent; uncouple.  It also defines decoupling as: to separate or diverge from an existing connection; uncouple.  When we apply this definition to the concept of inventory it becomes much easier to understand decoupling.  The Apics dictionary 14'th edition defines decoupling as "creating independence between supply and use of material."

  The image above is used for showing data on a value stream map.

​See also: Data Box for Definition