The histogram is a type of bar graph which is used to visually display the frequency or spread of data in a data set. 

  Standard work is a detailed definition of the current agreed-upon steps needed for a person to complete one work cycle in the absolute best and most reliable method possible.

The STANDARDS Methodology is a simple 9 step process that can be used as a method for standardizing.  

Outsourcing is the process of obtaining a good, service or information from an "outside" or foreign supplier.  Outsourcing is used in place of "internal sourcing" and is not the same as "insourcing".

  Overproduction is one of the 8 major forms of waste.  It occurs when parts, services or information are created in excess of the needed demand or when services, products or information are created/delivered in advance of the needed schedule. 

  Downtime is the period of time during which a piece of equipment or a machine is not functional or can not work.

  The Affinity Diagram is a powerful tool to use during projects with team members.  It is an analytical tool that teams can use to organize ideas into subgroups with a common theme or relationship. The affinity diagram can help you see correlation in large amounts of data/information.  

  Muri is the overburdening of operators or equipment.  Muri often asks or sometimes requires either people or machines to work much harder and much longer than a regular or "appropriate" schedule would.